{"id":87560,"date":"2026-08-02T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T09:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/?p=87560"},"modified":"2026-07-31T17:50:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T14:50:33","slug":"telefonun-mucidi-graham-bellin-104-olum-yili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/telefonun-mucidi-graham-bellin-104-olum-yili\/","title":{"rendered":"Telefonun Mucidi Graham Bell’in 104. \u00d6l\u00fcm Y\u0131l\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

2 A\u011fustos 1922’de Kanada’n\u0131n Nova Scotia eyaletindeki Beinn Bhreagh malik\u00e2nesinde 75 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir adam hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Cenazesinin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn Kuzey Amerika’daki telefon hatlar\u0131 bir dakikal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sessizli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Milyonlarca telefon ayn\u0131 anda susarak, onlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan adam\u0131 u\u011furlad\u0131. Alexander Graham Bell’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 104 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti ama hik\u00e2yesi san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha katmanl\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bell’i Sesin Pe\u015fine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren \u015eey Neydi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1847’de Edinburgh’da do\u011fan Bell’in hayat\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen iki kad\u0131n vard\u0131 ve ikisi de duymuyordu. Annesi Eliza Grace, Bell hen\u00fcz \u00e7ocukken i\u015fitme yetisini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kaybetmi\u015fti. Y\u0131llar sonra evlenece\u011fi Mabel Hubbard ise be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi k\u0131z\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden sa\u011f\u0131r kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve Bell’in \u00f6\u011frencisiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Babas\u0131 Alexander Melville Bell, sesleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerine g\u00f6re g\u00f6steren “G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr Konu\u015fma” adl\u0131 bir sembol sistemi geli\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Gen\u00e7 Bell bu sistemi sa\u011f\u0131r \u00e7ocuklara konu\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131, Boston’da sa\u011f\u0131rlar okulunda \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapt\u0131 ve ses fizyolojisi \u00fczerine ders verdi. Yani telefon, bir m\u00fchendisin laboratuvar hevesinden de\u011fil, bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin insan sesini anlama \u00e7abas\u0131ndan do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Alexander<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Telefon Ger\u00e7ekten Bell’in Bulu\u015fu Muydu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu, teknoloji tarihinin en uzun s\u00fcredir tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan sorular\u0131ndan biri. Bell, telefon patentini 7 Mart 1876’da ald\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra asistan\u0131 Thomas Watson’a s\u00f6yledi\u011fi “Bay Watson, buraya gelin, sizi g\u00f6rmek istiyorum” c\u00fcmlesi, bir tel \u00fczerinden iletilen ilk anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r konu\u015fma olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn patent ofisine benzer bir cihaz i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuru yapan Elisha Gray da vard\u0131 ve saatler meselesiydi. Daha eskiye gidildi\u011finde \u0130talyan mucit Antonio Meucci’nin 1850’lerde geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ses iletim d\u00fczene\u011fi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za. Meucci patent \u00fccretini kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bulu\u015funu koruyamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD Temsilciler Meclisi, Meucci’nin telefonun geli\u015fimindeki katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yan bir karar ald\u0131. Bell’i tek ba\u015f\u0131na mucit ilan etmek de, katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yok saymak da haks\u0131zl\u0131k olur. Onu ay\u0131ran \u015fey, bulu\u015fu ticari bir sisteme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilmesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Telefondan Sonra Neler Yapt\u0131?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bell telefonla an\u0131lmaktan hi\u00e7 ho\u015flanmad\u0131 ve hayat\u0131n\u0131n kalan k\u0131rk y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 bamba\u015fka alanlara harcad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1880’de Charles Sumner Tainter ile birlikte fotofonu geli\u015ftirdi. Sesi bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k huzmesi \u00fczerinden ileten bu cihaz, kendi deyimiyle en b\u00fcy\u00fck bulu\u015fuydu ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc fiber optik ileti\u015fimin fikirsel atas\u0131d\u0131r. 1881’de suikaste u\u011frayan Ba\u015fkan James Garfield’\u0131n v\u00fccudundaki kur\u015funu bulmak i\u00e7in aceleyle bir metal dedekt\u00f6r\u00fc tasarlad\u0131. Cihaz \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama ba\u015fkan\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yata\u011f\u0131n metal yaylar\u0131 sonucu bozdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonraki y\u0131llarda tetrahedral u\u00e7urtmalar tasarlad\u0131, Glenn Curtiss’in de i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu Havac\u0131l\u0131k Deney Birli\u011fi’ni kurdu ve Kanada’da ilk motorlu u\u00e7u\u015fu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren Silver Dart’\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti. Yetmi\u015f iki ya\u015f\u0131ndayken geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi HD-4 adl\u0131 hidrofil tekne, 1919’da saatte 114 kilometre h\u0131zla d\u00fcnya su h\u0131z\u0131 rekorunu k\u0131rd\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda National Geographic Society’nin kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131 ve Science dergisinin ayakta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Graham<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Neden \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Odas\u0131nda Telefon \u0130stemedi?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bell’in en bilinen \u00e7eli\u015fkisi bu. Kendi icat etti\u011fi cihaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma odas\u0131na sokmay\u0131 reddetti \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc telefonu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi b\u00f6len bir m\u00fcdahale olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Onun as\u0131l i\u015fi hep sa\u011f\u0131rlarla ileti\u015fim \u00fczerineydi, telefon ise yolda kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir yan \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miras\u0131 Neden Tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bell’in hik\u00e2yesinin karanl\u0131k bir taraf\u0131 da var. Sa\u011f\u0131r bireylerin i\u015faret dili yerine dudak okuyarak ve konu\u015farak topluma kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyordu. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, on y\u0131llar boyunca sa\u011f\u0131r \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n i\u015faret dilinden mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131 ve sa\u011f\u0131r topluluk taraf\u0131ndan bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 sert bi\u00e7imde ele\u015ftiriliyor. Dahas\u0131, d\u00f6neminin \u00f6jeni ak\u0131m\u0131na yak\u0131n durdu ve sa\u011f\u0131r bireylerin birbiriyle evlenmesinin sak\u0131ncalar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fan bir bildiri yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6te yandan ayn\u0131 adam, Helen Keller’\u0131n ailesini do\u011fru \u00f6\u011fretmene y\u00f6nlendiren ki\u015fiydi. Keller hayat hik\u00e2yesini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 Bell’e ithaf etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc G\u00fcn Ne Oldu?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u015eeker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n komplikasyonlar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan Bell’in son anlar\u0131nda yan\u0131nda Mabel vard\u0131. Anlat\u0131lana g\u00f6re e\u015fi ona gitmemesi i\u00e7in yalvard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Bell konu\u015facak takati kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in parmaklar\u0131yla hay\u0131r i\u015fareti yapt\u0131. \u00d6mr\u00fc boyunca sesle u\u011fra\u015fan adam\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesi sessizce kuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn ses \u015fiddetini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z desibel biriminin ad\u0131 ondan geliyor. Cebimizdeki telefonlar art\u0131k konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, neredeyse her \u015fey i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Yine de hepsinin k\u00f6keninde, annesinin duyamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sesi anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin merak\u0131 var.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2 A\u011fustos 1922’de Kanada’n\u0131n Nova Scotia eyaletindeki Beinn Bhreagh malik\u00e2nesinde 75 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir adam hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Cenazesinin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn Kuzey Amerika’daki telefon hatlar\u0131 bir dakikal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sessizli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Milyonlarca telefon ayn\u0131 anda susarak, onlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan adam\u0131 u\u011furlad\u0131. Alexander Graham Bell’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 104 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti ama hik\u00e2yesi san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha katmanl\u0131. Bell’i Sesin Pe\u015fine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":87566,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[12254,12255],"class_list":["post-87560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-alexander-graham-bell","tag-ilk-telefon-konusmasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87560"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87570,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87560\/revisions\/87570"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}