{"id":87154,"date":"2026-07-25T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T09:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/?p=87154"},"modified":"2026-07-24T15:20:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T12:20:07","slug":"ulkemizin-ilk-internet-baglantisi-1993-odtu-hatti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/ulkemizin-ilk-internet-baglantisi-1993-odtu-hatti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dclkemizin \u0130lk \u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 1993 ODT\u00dc Hatt\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bug\u00fcn saniyeler i\u00e7inde a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z internet, T\u00fcrkiye’ye 12 Nisan 1993 g\u00fcn\u00fc ODT\u00dc’deki bir sistem salonundan Washington’a uzanan 64 Kbps’lik tek bir kiral\u0131k hatla geldi. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ortalama bir ev ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131ndan binlerce kat yava\u015f olan o ince hat, \u00fclkemizin dijital tarihini ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nternetten \u00d6nceki T\u00dcVAKA ve E-posta \u00c7a\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk geni\u015f alan a\u011f\u0131 olan T\u00dcVAKA (T\u00fcrkiye \u00dcniversiteler ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumlar\u0131 A\u011f\u0131) 1986’da kuruldu ve 1987’de Avrupa ile ABD’deki akademik a\u011flar olan BITNET-EARN sistemine ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. Bu a\u011f sayesinde T\u00fcrk akademisyenler yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki meslekta\u015flar\u0131yla elektronik ortamda haberle\u015febiliyordu ancak bu, bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimiz anlamda internet de\u011fil, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak e-posta ve dosya aktar\u0131m\u0131na dayal\u0131 kapal\u0131 bir akademik sistemdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"internet<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1990’lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u00dcVAKA’n\u0131n kapasitesi artan talebe yeti\u015femez olmu\u015ftu. As\u0131l hedef art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye’yi, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 h\u0131zla saran ger\u00e7ek internete, TCP\/IP tabanl\u0131 k\u00fcresel a\u011fa ba\u011flamak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ki Kurumun Ortak Hayali TR-NET Projesi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu hedef i\u00e7in 1991’de ODT\u00dc ve T\u00dcB\u0130TAK g\u00fc\u00e7lerini birle\u015ftirerek TR-NET projesini ba\u015flatt\u0131. Proje kapsam\u0131nda 1992 sonbahar\u0131nda X.25 devresi \u00fczerinden Hollanda’ya deneysel bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kuruldu. Deneme teknik olarak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131 ama hem maliyet y\u00fcksekti hem de bu y\u00f6ntem genel kullan\u0131ma uygun de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in PTT’ye kiral\u0131k hat ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131ld\u0131. Aylar s\u00fcren haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan beklenen g\u00fcn geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12 Nisan 1993’te Ankara’dan Washington’a Uzanan Hat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

12 Nisan 1993 g\u00fcn\u00fc, PTT’den sa\u011flanan 64 Kbps kapasiteli kiral\u0131k hat ile ODT\u00dc Bilgi \u0130\u015flem Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistem salonundaki y\u00f6nlendiriciler \u00fczerinden, ABD’deki Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131 A\u011f\u0131’na (NSFNet) ba\u011flant\u0131 kuruldu. O an itibar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye, resmen k\u00fcresel internetin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kapasitesini bug\u00fcnle k\u0131yaslamak, aradan ge\u00e7en mesafeyi g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131: 64 Kbps, saniyede yaln\u0131zca 8 kilobayt veri demek. Bug\u00fcn tek bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n birka\u00e7 megabayt oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, o ilk hatla ortalama bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 indirmek dakikalar al\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu tek hat bir ki\u015finin de\u011fil, internete ba\u011flanan t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye’nin toplam kapasitesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"ODT\u00dc'de<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcniversitelerden \u00dclkeye Yay\u0131lan A\u011f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

ODT\u00dc’n\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan s\u0131ras\u0131yla Ege \u00dcniversitesi (1994), Bilkent \u00dcniversitesi (1995), Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi (1995) ve \u0130T\u00dc (1996) a\u011fa dahil oldu. Bu d\u00f6nemde bir\u00e7ok \u00fcniversite ve kamu kurumu internete ODT\u00dc \u00fczerinden ba\u011flan\u0131yordu; yani Ankara’daki o sistem salonu, bir s\u00fcre \u00fclkenin d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131lan tek kap\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk web siteleri de yine bu iki \u00f6nc\u00fc kurumdan geldi: “tr” uzant\u0131l\u0131 ilk sayfalar ODT\u00dc ve Bilkent \u00fcniversitelerinin siteleriydi. 1990’lar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ticari internet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n devreye girmesiyle internet kamp\u00fcs duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131; on y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda ise T\u00fcrk\u00e7e internetin ilk k\u00fclt\u00fcrel fenomenleri do\u011fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

64 Kbps’ten Fiber \u00c7a\u011f\u0131na<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tek bir 64 Kbps hatla ba\u015flayan yolculuk, bug\u00fcn milyonlarca fiber aboneli\u011fe, mobil geni\u015fbant a\u011flar\u0131na ve n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131n merkezine oturan bir altyap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, bankac\u0131l\u0131k, e\u011fitim, kamu hizmetleri derken, 1993’te birka\u00e7 akademisyenin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat, otuz k\u00fcsur y\u0131lda \u00fclkenin sinir sistemi haline geldi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bug\u00fcn saniyeler i\u00e7inde a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z internet, T\u00fcrkiye’ye 12 Nisan 1993 g\u00fcn\u00fc ODT\u00dc’deki bir sistem salonundan Washington’a uzanan 64 Kbps’lik tek bir kiral\u0131k hatla geldi. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ortalama bir ev ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131ndan binlerce kat yava\u015f olan o ince hat, \u00fclkemizin dijital tarihini ba\u015flatt\u0131. \u0130nternetten \u00d6nceki T\u00dcVAKA ve E-posta \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk geni\u015f alan a\u011f\u0131 olan T\u00dcVAKA (T\u00fcrkiye \u00dcniversiteler ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":87162,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87154"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87189,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87154\/revisions\/87189"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.indir.com\/haber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}